Soap manufacture



(No Model.)

M. OHARA.

. SOAP MANUFACTURE.

v No. 394,660. Patented Dec. 18, 1888.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

MICHAEL OIIARA, OF BROOKLYN, NElV YORK.

SOAP MANUFACTURE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,660, dated December 18, 1888.

Application filed March 31, 1888. Serial No. 269,051. (No specimens) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL OHARA, of Brooklyn, Kings county, in the State of New York, soap-boiler, have invented a certain newand useful Improvement in the Mannt'acture of Soap, of which the following is a specification.

I produce a pure and practically neutral soap having all the qualities of toilet and laundry soap at a moderate price, and without the admixture of rosin, sal-soda, starch,

: At this stage add salt, either all dry or partly soapstone, or other injurious ingredients.

I boil palm-nut oil or cocoanut-oil with a strong lye of caustic soda until it saponifies. Then, with further boiling, I add strong lye, subsequently add linseed-oil. or cotton-seed oil, again add strong lye,- afterward add bleached palm-oil or tallow, tlien salt, and allow it to stand eight or ten hours perfectly quiet. A considerable quantity of impure water strongly saturated with salt collects at the bottom. This is pumped out or otherwise removed and may be thrown away. I have found no use for this which will make it worth preserving. Next I add strong lye-and oil, allow it to stand again a few hours, and again pump or otherwise take away the watery stratum from the bottom. This ti me the fluid which settles to the bottom will contain much salt, but it will be so strong with alkali that it is valuable to preserve for future use. This salt lye can be used for the next lot, instead of dry salt, or it may be introduced at any stage where I have above described strong lye. Having ready in a separate vessel a strong solution of slicate of soda, this is run into the kettle and boiled, then add by sprinkling a strong solution of ultra-marine blue or' Venetian red, or both, and cool in frames, and cut up into bars or otherwise shape for market. I will repeat, desi gnatin approximately the quantities.

The operation should be modified somewhat, according to the judgment of the attendant, some lots of materials acting differently from others and requiring corresponding variations in the quantities, but with ordinarily-pure materials the quantities should be about as follows:

Add to three thousand pounds of palm-nut oil or cocoanut-oil four hundred gallons of caustic-soda lye at about 3O Baum and boil linseed-oil or cotton-seed oil, three thousand pounds, (more or less,) until the soap closes again. Next add more strong lye, about 30 Baum, and boil until the mass curds. Then add three thousand pounds of beef tallow or bleached palm-oil and boil until it closes again.

in the form of a solution or brine of alkali reserved from a previous lot, and boil until the soap curds again. Then it is allowed to stand eight or ten hours, and the water which collects in a stratum at the bottom is pumped or drained off and rejected. The temperature at this stage is important. It will suffice to simply shut off the steam or extinguish the fire if it has been heated by a direct fire and allow it to stand at about the boiling temperature. Now add four hundred gallons of strong lye, about 30 Baume, and boil with open steam for eight hours, and let it stand again partially cooled or at about the boiling temperature eight or ten hours. Again pump out or otherwise remove the material from the bottom, which will be a strong solution of caustic soda and salt. It will contain much salt. This should be preserved for future use with a11- other lot. Provide in a separate vessel a solution of eight hundred pounds (more or less) of silicate of soda in four hundred gallons of water. Run this into the kettle and boil again. It will close together at this point. Continue boiling until dry. Then for colorin g, having made a solution of fourteen pounds of ultramarine-blue and four pounds of Venetian red in three gallons of water, or using more or less of either according to the color the palm-nut oil or cocoanut-oil, retaining its saponlfied condition.

By the large admixture of silicate of soda oil or analogous oil which is easily saponiticd, and boiling until the soap again closes, as

and water I am able to produce the requisite 5 bulk and to make a soapwhieh is efiicient and cheap.

I am able to boil with tire and steam together, or either separately, and to drain the brine or IO other product from the extreme bottom.

this specification and is a ycrtical section through the boiler.

Referring to the iigure, A is the main body [5 ot the boiler, and A a sub-chamberot smaller diameter extending down into the furnace.

( is ln-ick-work, and c a grate.

B is a coil of pipe adapted for heating by steam. It is located a proper distance from provided with connections steam and discharging the water produced by condensation.

l) is a smaller coil provided with connections for supplying steam and discharging the water of ctmdensation. V

E is a pipe connecting with the bottom of the sub-chamber A and leading out across the furnace, controlled by a cock or valve, E.

In the use of the apparatus the material is introduced in the kettle, filling the main chamber A and the sub-chamber A, and boiled both by steam supplied in the coils B and D, and also by tire on the grate c.

The entire process in the kettle under ordinary conditions requires four (4) days. Then the soap should usually stand in the frames before cutting eight (8) days more. Total, twelve (12) days.

I do not in this patent claim the apparatus; nor do I claim the addition of easily-saponitiable tat without further alkali after the difticult fat has been saponilied. Such are made the subjects of separate applications for patcut, one tiled March 231, lRsS, Serial No. 269,050,

and one tiled October 25, 1887, Serial No. 253,301.

I claim as my invention 1. In the iminut'acture of soap, the method described of combining palm-nut oil or analogous fat ditlicult ot' saponitication with strong lye to constitute soap and subsequently addherein specified.

In the manufacture of soap, the method described of combining palm-nut oil or analo- I i gous t'at ditlicult' ot saponiticatiou with strong By the peculiar construction of the kettle lye to constitute soap and subsequently addiug lye to curd it, then adding linseed-oil or analogous oil which is easily saponitied, and boiling until the soap again closes, then add- .lhe accompanying drawing forms a partof ing further lye until the soap again curds, then adding tallow or other casily-sapouitiable fat, and a third time inducing the closing of the soap, as herein speeiticd.

I In the manufacture of soap, the method described of combining palm-nut oil oranalogous fat ditlicult of saponitication with strong lye to constitute soap and subsequently addi ing lye to curd it. then adding linseed-oil. or 20 the bottom oi the main chamber A, and is for supplying analogous oil which is easily saponitied and again inducing the closing of the soap, then adding further lye until the soap again curds,

I then adding tallow or other easily-saponitiable fat, and a third time inducing the soap to close, then adding salt and decanting, then adding lye and again decanting, and subsequently boiling until the mass again closes, substantially as herein specilied.

l. The manufacture of a neutral or nearly neutral soap with a large proportion of palmnut oil or analogous tat ditlicult of saponitication by first saponitying the same with an excess of alkali, then twice curding and closing the soap by successive additions first of lye to curd and then of a proper quantity of an easily-saponifiable fat: to close, then curding with salt, then decanting and removing such watery matter as is readily separable, then boiling with an excess of lye, and again decanting and removing the watery matter, after which the soap is closed by boiling with silicate of soda, and may be colored, cooled, and cut for use, all substantially as herein I specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at New York city, New York, this 3 30th day of March, 18%, in the presence of ing lye to curd it, and then adding linseed- 1 two subscribing witnesses.

MICHAEL OHARA.

\Vitnesses:

It. A. Jonxs'roxn, M. 'F. BOYLE. 

